What is a stop-and-frisk?

A stop-and-frisk refers specifically to a police procedure where an officer stops an individual based on reasonable suspicion that the person may be involved in criminal activity and conducts a limited pat-down search of the individual's outer clothing to check for weapons. This practice is intended to ensure the safety of the officer and others, as it allows for the detection of potential weapons that could be used to harm the officer or the public.

The concept relies on the legal principle established in the case of Terry v. Ohio, which recognized that while individuals have a right to privacy, officers also have the duty to protect themselves and the community from potential threats. The "frisk" must be limited in scope to a search for weapons, not more extensive searches for contraband or illegal items. Understanding this definition and its legal implications is crucial for patrol officers, as it informs both their responsibilities and the rights of individuals they encounter.