What does 'capability' mean in the context of the deadly force triangle?

In the context of the deadly force triangle, 'capability' refers to the ability to cause harm. This concept is critical in the assessment of a threat, especially for law enforcement officers. Capability considers whether the individual has the means—such as weapons, physical strength, or other factors—that would allow them to inflict serious injury or death on others.

Understanding capability is essential for officers to determine whether a situation presents a legitimate threat that may justify the use of deadly force. For instance, if a person is armed, or if they possess tools that can inflict harm, the officer must recognize this capability as part of their threat assessment process. This enables officers to make informed decisions about how to react to a potentially dangerous situation.

The other answers relate to different aspects of threat assessment. Intent indicates the mental state or purpose behind an act, opportunity pertains to the circumstances that allow an attacker to act, and knowledge refers to the officer’s awareness of potential threats. While these factors are also important in understanding the dynamics of a confrontation, capability specifically defines the physical potential to cause harm, making it the correct choice in this context.